Effect of MG53 on Cardiac Function Affected by Acute Doxorubicin-Induced Cardiotoxicity in Mice and Its Mechanism / 中山大学学报(医学科学版)

ObjectiveThis study was designed to explore the effect of MG53 on cardiac function affected by acute doxorubicin （DOX）-induced cardiotoxicity （DIC） in mice and its possible mechanism. MethodsIn vivo， C57BL/6 mice were injected intraperitoneally with twenty mg/kg DOX for one week to induce the acute DIC. In vitro， neonatal rat cardiomyocytes （NRCs） were treated with 1 μmol/L DOX to induce DIC. A small animal ultrasound imaging system was used to evaluate cardiac function， and the left ventricular changes in ejection fraction （EF） and fraction shortening （FS） were measured. qPCR technology was used to evaluate cardiac remodeling related factors ANP， BNP and α-MHC， autophagy-related factors Beclin1 and LC3， and apoptosis-related factor CASPASE3. Autophagy-related protein levels of Beclin1， LC3 and apoptosis-related protein levels of caspase3 were assessed by Western Blot. Transmission electron microscopy （TEM） was used to detect autophagosomes in heart tissues. TUNEL assay kit was used to detect apoptosis in neonatal murine cardiomyocytes. ResultsThe small animal ultrasound imaging revealed cardiac function was significantly reduced by doxorubicin in the DOX group and DOX+AAV9-NC group compared with the sham group （EF： Sham： 86.06 ± 2.08 vs. DOX：58.97 ± 1.62， P < 0.000 1； Sham： 86.06 ± 2.08 vs. DOX+AAV9-NC： 59.00 ± 1.86， P < 0.000 1. FS： Sham： 45.47 ± 1.95 vs. DOX：30.68 ± 1.21， P < 0.000 1； Sham： 45.47 ± 1.95 vs. DOX+AAV9-NC： 30.79 ± 1.13， P < 0.000 1）. However， the overexpression of MG53 with adeno-associated virus9 （AAV9） ameliorated cardiac dysfunction （EF： DOX+AAV9-MG53： 66.93 ± 1.78 vs. DOX+AAV9-NC： 59.00 ± 1.86， P < 0.000 1. FS： DOX+AAV9-MG53： 36.35 ± 1.33 vs. DOX+AAV9-NC： 30.79 ± 1.13， P < 0.000 1）. TEM showed autophagosomes were increased in the DOX+AAV9-MG53 group compared with the DOX group and DOX+AAV9-NC. qPCR results suggested that MG53 down-regulated the mRNA expression of cardiac remodeling related genes. Additionally， Western blot results confirmed that the protein level of caspases3 was decreased and Beclin1 and LC3 expression was increased in the DOX+AAV9-MG53 group compared with those in the DOX group and DOX+AAV9-NC group （caspase： DOX+AAV9-MG53： 1.49 ± 0.13 vs. DOX+AAV9-NC： 2.49 ± 0.46， P = 0.000 2； Beclin-1： DOX+AAV9-MG53：0.82 ± 0.02 vs. DOX+AAV9-NC： 0.62 ± 0.05， P < 0.000 1； LC3： DOX+AAV9-MG53： 0.83 ± 0.04 vs. DOX+AAV9-NC： 0.40 ± 0.05， P < 0.000 1）. In contrast， knockdown of MG53 significantly up-regulated the protein level of Caspase3 and significantly down-regulated the protein level of Beclin1 and LC3 （caspase： DOX+si-MG53： 4.52 ± 0.28 vs. DOX+si-NC： 3.37 ± 0.08， P < 0.000 1； Beclin-1： DOX+si-MG53： 0.34 ± 0.06 vs. DOX+si-NC： 0.54 ± 0.07， P = 0.026 2； LC3： DOX+si-MG53： 0.41 ± 0.12 vs. DOX+si-NC： 0.70 ± 0.07， P = 0.001 5）. TUNEL analysis showed overexpression of MG53 significantly inhibited the apoptosis of cardiomyocytes （DOX+Ad-MG53： 9.41 ± 0.53 vs. DOX+Ad-NC： 29.34 ± 7.29， P < 0.000 1）， and knockdown of MG53 significantly facilitate the apoptosis of cardiomyocytes （DOX+si-MG53： 71.34 ± 5.90 vs. DOX+si-NC： 32.19 ± 9.91， P < 0.000 1）. ConclusionMG53 inhibits cardiac apoptosis and enhances autophagy， which delays cardiac remodeling and ameliorates cardiac dysfunction.

Construction of risk assessment index system of epidemic infectious diseases in primary and middle schools / 中国学校卫生

Objective@#To establish a risk assessment index system for epidemic infectious diseases in primary and secondary schools, for early warning and prevention of school infectious diseases accurately and timely.@*Methods@#Through literature review, the indicators pool was established by consulting relevant experts and referring to practical experience. Then two rounds of expert consultation using the Delphi method were conducted(13 experts of round 1, and 20 experts of round 2). The concentration of expert opinions (the average, the percentage of full marks) and the coordination of expert opinions (the coefficient of variation, the coordination coefficient W ) were calculated and analyzed. The coordination coefficient W was obtained by nonparametric Kendall s W test of multiple samples. According to the experts feedback, necessary addition, reduction and modification of the indicators were carried out to determine the evaluation index system, and the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) was used to calculate the weight of each indicator.@*Results@#The expert authority coefficients of the two rounds of consultation were 0.89 and 0.88, respectively, and the form recovery rate was 100%. The range of the variation coefficient of each three level indicator was 0.07-0.31 and 0.06-0.19, and the coordination coefficient W was 0.25 and 0.47, respectively, indicating that the consistency and credibility of expert opinions were good. Finally, the risk assessment index system of infectious diseases in primary and secondary schools was established, which was composed of 5 first level indexes, 23 second level indexes and 86 third level indexes. The AHP was used to calculate the intra level weight of the index. The variation coefficient of five first level indicators of school health management and security system, school health personnel facilities, health monitoring and cognition level, severity and coping measures were 0.09, 0.06, 0.08, 0.12 and 0.06 , respectively, and the weight coefficients were 20.42%, 21.19%, 19.87%, 17.45% and 21.08%, respectively.@*Conclusion@#The risk assessment index system of school infectious diseases is applicable to primary and secondary schools. The initiative, coordination and authority of experts in this system are all high. It is of practical guiding significance for the early warning of infectious diseases in primary and secondary schools.

Research on Q-markers of Eupatorium lindleyanum based on analytic hierarchy process-entropy weight method and network pharmacology / 中国中药杂志

The potential quality markers( Q-markers) of Eupatorium lindleyanum were studied with analytic hierarchy process(AHP)-entropy weight method(EWM) and network pharmacological method. Based on the concept of Q-markers of traditional Chinese medicine, AHP-EWM was employed to quantitatively identify the Q-markers of E. lindleyanum. AHP method was applied to the weight analysis of the validity, testability, and specificity of the first-level indexes, and EWM method was used to analyze the secondlevel indexes supported by literature and experimental data. At the same time, based on the theory and method of network pharmacology, the component-target-disease-efficacy network of E. lindleyanum was built, and the components most closely related to the efficacy of resolving phlegm and relieving cough and asthma were screened out. Through the integrated analysis of the results obtained with AHP-EWM and network pharmacological method, 13 compounds including rutin, quercetin, nepetin, cirsiliol, luteolin, hyperoside,isoquercitrin, kaempferol, caffeic acid, eupalinolide K, eupalinolide A, eupalinolide B, and eupalinolide C were comprehensively identified as the potential Q-markers of E. lindleyanum. The results provide a basis for the quality control of E. lindleyanum.

Etiology and treatment of posterior circulation ischemic stroke / 国际脑血管病杂志

Posterior circulation ischemic stroke is a kind of cerebral infarction which occurs in the blood supply area of vertebrobasilar artery. Its etiology is complex. The common causes include thromboembolism, large artery atherosclerosis, and small arterial disease. The treatment options for posterior circulation ischemic stroke include drug therapy, intravenous thrombolysis and endovascular therapy. However, the application of endovascular therapy in patients with posterior circulation ischemic stroke is still in the exploratory stage, and there is not enough evidence of randomized controlled trials.

Advances in SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid detection technology and clinical application / 公共卫生与预防医学

Coronavirus disease 2019（COVID-19） is a severe infectious disease. New advances in the nucleic acid detection of SARS-CoV-2 is an important means to diagnose the new coronavirus infection. Rapid and accurate nucleic acid detection of SARS-COV-2 is of great significance for early detection of infected people and control of the spread of the epidemic. In this paper, the research progress of SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid detection technology since the epidemic outbreak was reviewed, the main problems in clinical application were analyzed, and the development of SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid detection technology was prospected.

Correlations between Vessel Changes and the Histopathologic Subtypes of Lung Adenocarcinoma with Pure Ground-glass Nodule on Computed Tomography / 中国医学科学院学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the correlations between vessel changes and the histopathologic subtypes of lung adenocarcinoma with pure ground-glass nodule (pGGN) on computed tomography (CT).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Totally 107 patients (116 lesions) with lung adenocarcinomas with pGGN who had undergone curative resection were included. Vessel changes included vascular convergence and/or vessel dilation or distortion within the pGGN. According to the vessel appearances within the pGGN, all patients were categorized into two groups: no change group and change group. Pearson chi-square test was used to analyze the relationships between vessel changes and histopathologic subtypes. Mann-Whitney rank test and t-test were used to identify the relationship of vessels changes with pGGN density and diameter.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Among these 116 pGGNs, there were 21 without vessel changes and 4 with vessel changes in 25 preinvasive lesions; 14 without vessel changes and 15 with vessel changes in 29 minimally invasive adenocacinomas; 16 without vessel changes and 46 with vessel changes in 62 invasive lung adenocarcinomas. There were statistically significant differences of vessel changes (P=0.000) among histopathologic subtypes. The lesion diameter was significantly different between these two groups (P=0.000), while the lesion density showed no significant difference (P=0.826).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Vessel changes may indicate the invasiveness of lung adenocarcinoma with pGGNs and are related with the lesion diameter.</p>

Study on the effect of vertebrae semi-dislocation on the stress distribution in facet joint and interuertebral disc of patients with cervical syndrome based on the three dimensional finite element model / 中国骨伤

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the effect of vertebrae semi-dislocation on the stress distribution in facet joint and interuertebral disc of patients with cervical syndrome using three dimensional finite element model.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A patient with cervical spondylosis was randomly chosen, who was male, 28 years old, and diagnosed as cervical vertebra semidislocation by dynamic and static palpation and X-ray, and scanned from C(1) to C(7) by 0.75 mm slice thickness of CT. Based on the CT data, the software was used to construct the three dimensional finite element model of cervical vertebra semidislocation (C(4)-C(6)). Based on the model,virtual manipulation was used to correct the vertebra semidislocation by the software, and the stress distribution was analyzed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The result of finite element analysis showed that the stress distribution of C(5-6) facet joint and intervertebral disc changed after virtual manipulation.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The vertebra semidislocation leads to the abnormal stress distribution of facet joint and intervertebral disc.</p>

Studies on antibacterial activity and endotoxin neutralization of murine BPI N-terminal functional fragment(muBPI_(25) protein)in vitro / 中国免疫学杂志

Objective:To establish an experimental model for intracellular antibacteria and endotoxin neutralization in vitro to detect the antibacterial and endotoxin neutralization activity of the muBPI_(25) protein.Methods: RAW264.7 cells were transfected with pcDNA3.1(+)muBPI_(36-259), and then were infected with intracellular bacterial of either G ~+/G~-to establish the experimental model of intracellalar antibacteria.The RAW264.7 cells were co-transfected with the pSecTag2B-muBPI_(36-259) and dual-luciferase reporter gene plasmids for establishment of the experimental model of endotoxin neutralization.Results:The experimental model of intracellular antibacteria confirmed that the muBPI_(25) protein could inhibit/kill Salmonella typhi.The experimental model of endotoxin neutralization indicated that the muBPI_(25) protein could neutralize endotoxin.Conelusion: We firstly demonstrate that murine BPI N-terminal functional fragment(muBPI_(25) protein)can inhibit/kill Salmonella typhi,and can neutralize, its lysating product, endotoxin.

Study on the method of construct the three-dimensional finite element model of cervical vertebrae semidislocation / 中国骨伤

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>Cervical vertebra semidislocation was one of major pathological aspects of cervical spondylosis, and it was also the target of manipulation to treat cervical spondylosis. The aim of this study was to combine the technology of three dimensional finite element analysis to investigate the method to construct the cervical vertebra semidislocation model.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A cervical spondylosis patient (male, 28 years old,176 cm tall, weight 69 kg) was randomly chosen, who was diagnosed cervical vertebra semidislocation by dynamic and static palpation and X-ray,and CT scanned from C1 to C7 by 0.75 mm slice thickness. Based on the CT data, the software was used to construct the three dimensional finite element model of cervical vertebra semidislocation (C4-C6).</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The model showed the three dimensional changes of vertebra semidislocation clearly. C5 had a three-dimensional abnormal position, which was downward translation for 0.9 mm and clockwise rotation for 4.5 degrees around X-axis. So C5 was diagnosed as hypokinesis-type semidislocation.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The method to construct the three dimensional finite element model of cervical vertebra semidislocation is reliable, which provide a base study to analyse the mechanism of manipulation to treat vertebra semidislocation.</p>

Effects of multiple low dose radiation on the apoptosis of splenocytes and immune factor in male diabetic rats / 中华放射医学与防护杂志

Objective To explore the effect of multiple low dose radiation(LDR)on the apoptosis of splenocytes and immune factors in diabetes mellitus(DM)rats.Methods The rats were randomly divided into control,DM and DM + LDR groups.The irradiation doses were 25,50 and 75 mGy,and the irradiated times were 15.At the fourth weekend after the DM rats irradiated,the apoptotie rate and TCRαβ percentage of splenoeytes were detected by flow cytometry,and the content of IL-2 in both serum and supernatant of cultured splenocytes were detected by ELISA.Results Compared with that in the control,the body weight(BW)decreased in the DM and DM + LDR groups,particularly in DM group.The blood glucose(BG)level in the DM + LDR groups was higher than that in the control,but decreased significantly as compared with that in the DM group(P < 0.01).As compared with those in the control,the apoptotic rate in DM + 50 mGy(P < 0.05)and the content of serum IL-2 in DM + 75 mGy group(P < 0.01)all increased significantly,while the content of IL-2 in supernatant of cultured splenocytes decreased significantly in the DM + LDR groups.Compared with those in the DM group,the apoptotic rate and the percentage of TCRαβ in splenocytes in the DM + LDR groups(P < 0.01-P < 0.001)and the content of IL-2 in serum in DM + 50 mGy group(P < 0.01)decreased significantly.Conclusions The multiple LDR could weaken the loss of BW and increase of BG caused by DM,decrease the splenocyte apoptosis induced by DM,and regulate the immune factors.

Effects of purified product from trapa manshurica fler on apoptosis and cell cycle progression of tumor cells in vitro / 吉林大学学报(医学版)

Objective To observe the effects of 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoic acid dimmer (TAD) in different doses on apoptosis and cell cycle progression of liver cancer SMMC-7721 cells in vitro and explore its possible mechanism of inhibiting tumor growth.Methods The experiment was divided into 0,3.125,6.250,12.500 and 25.000 ?g TAD groups. Apoptosis was observed with JEM-1200EX transmission electron microscope (TEM).The changes of apoptosis and cell cycle progression were measured with flow cytometry.Results The typical features of apoptosis were found in tumor cells,the nuclei were broken to pieces,mitochondrion cristae were disrupted and vacuoles were showed in nucleus and cytoplasm in 25.000 ?g TAD group observed under TEM.Meantime,the apoptotic percentages of the cells treated with 3.125—25.000 ?g TAD were increased significantly as compared with control group (P

Clinical application and processing of separate movable partial denture / 华西口腔医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>This report is to introduce the processing method of the separate movable partial denture and get an initial clinical evaluation.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The separate movable partial denture was developed as a kind of special design in utilizing double base plate to separately get support for bearing stress and get the stability of retention.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The clinical application indicated that the separate movable partial denture has effective function of common movable partial denture as well as has a good function of natural human teeth protection, especially for those patients with I -II tooth loose.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The separate movable partial denture is the ideal choice of treatment for those patients who are suffering I - II teeth loose. This type of movable partial denture was considered effectively protect natural human teeth and extend the lifetime of natural tooth long-term and further observation in clinical care on this type of denture is needed.</p>

Effects of purified product from Trapa manshurica Fler on apoptosis and cell cycle progression of liver cancer SMMC-7721 cells in vitro / 吉林大学学报(医学版)

Objective To observe the effects of purified product trihydroxybenzoic acid dimmer in different doses from Trapa manshurica Fler on apoptosis and cell cycle progression of liver cancer SMMC-7721 cells in vitro and explore its possible mechanism of inhibiting tumor growth. Methods The changes of apoptosis and cell cycle progression were measured with flow cytometry. Results The apoptotic percentages of the cells treated with the purified products with doses of 3.125, 6.250, 12.500 and 25.000 mg?L~ -1 increased significantly as compared with that in the control (P

BPI700-Fc gamma1(700) chimeric gene expression and its protective effect in a mice model of the lethal E. coli infection / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>Infections caused by gram-negative bacteria (GNB) often lead to high mortality in common clinical settings. The effect of traditional antibiotic therapy is hindered by drug-resistant bacteria and unneutralizable endotoxin. Few effective methods can protect high risk patients from bacterial infection. This study explored the protection of adeno-associated virus 2 (AAV2)-bacteriacidal permeability increasing protein 700 (BPI(700))-fragment crystallizable gamma one 700 (Fc gamma1(700)) chimeric gene transferred mice against the minimal lethal dose (MLD) of E. coli and application of gene therapy for bacterial infection.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>After AAV2-BPI(700)-Fc gamma1(700) virus transfection, dot blotting and Western blotting were used to detect the target gene products in Chinese hamster ovary-K1 cells (CHO-K1cells). Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and immunohistochemical assay were carried out to show the target gene expression in mice. Modified BPI-enzyme linked immunosorbent assay was used to identify the target gene products in murine serum. The protection of BPI(700)-Fc gamma1(700) gene transferred mice was examined by survival rate after MLD E. coli challenge. Colony forming unit (CFU) count, limulus amebocyte lysate kit and cytokine kit were used to quantify the bacteria, the level of endotoxin, and proinflammatory cytokine.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>BPI(1-199)-Fc gamma1 protein was identified in the CHO-K1 cell culture supernatant, injected muscles and serum of the gene transferred mice. After MLD E. coli challenge, the survival rate of AAV2-BPI(700)-Fc gamma1(700) gene transferred mice (36.7%) was significantly higher than that of AAV2-enhanced green fluorescent protein (AAV2-EGFP) gene transferred mice (3.3%) and PBS control mice (5.6%). The survival rate of AAV2-BPI(700)-Fc gamma1(700) gene transferred mice treated with cefuroxime sodium was 65.0%. The bacterium number in main viscera, the levels of endotoxin and proinflammatory cytokine (tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin-1beta) in serum of the AAV2-BPI(700)-Fc gamma1(700) gene transferred mice were markedly lower than that of PBS control mice (P < 0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>AAV2-BPI(700)-Fc gamma1(700) gene transferred mice can resist MLD E. coli infection through expressing BPI(1-199)-Fc gamma1 protein. Our findings suggested that AAV2 mediated BPI(700)-Fc gamma1(700) gene delivery could be used for protection and treatment of clinical GNB infection in high-risk individuals.</p>

Effect of combination of Ginkgo leaf extract and deferoxamine in preventing and treating ototoxicity of cisplatin / 中国中西医结合杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To observe the effect of combined use of jinnaduo (an injection made by extract of Ginkgo leaf, EGb) and Deferoxamine (DFO, a chelating agent) in antagonizing the ototoxicity of cisplatin (CDDP).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Guinea pigs were randomly divided into the CDDP group, the EGb group, the DFO group, the combined treated group (EGb + DFO) and the control group. Changes of auditory brain-stem response (ABR), serum superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and malondialdehyde (MDA) content, as well as light and scanning electronic microscopic (SEM) figures were observed before and after treatment.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The threshold of ABR was significantly higher in the CDDP group than that in the other groups (P<0.01), but was insignificantly different among the latter groups (P>0.05). Serum SOD activity was lower and MDA content was higher in the CDDP group than those in the control group (P<0.01), but in comparison of the two parameters between control and other groups, the difference was insignificant (P>0.05). SEM examination on cochlea showed that the damage of hair cells was milder in the DFO group and the combined treated group than that in the CDDP group, which was slightly milder in the EGb group than that in the CDDP group.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Combined use of EGb and DFO could effectively reduce the ototoxicity of CDDP, its effect is better than using EGb singly, and similar to that of using DFO alone. The combination could also prevent the side-effect of CDDP in bone marrow inhibition. The Fe ion participated free radical response could be one of the mechanisms of CDDP in damaging hearing.</p>

Short-term follow-up study of Cercon all-ceramic crowns and bridges / 华西口腔医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>Cercon all-ceramic system was applied clinically for the first time to make all-ceramic crowns and bridges for the patients. The objective of this study was to evaluate the short-term follow-up results of this new system from both technical and clinical aspects.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>15 units of Cercon all-ceramic crowns and bridges were fabricated and applied to 5 patients, all the cases were followed at 1, 3, 6 and 12 months' periods after cementation of the restorations.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Cercon all-ceramic system demonstrate natural and esthetical appearance. No fracture, broken and color change were found.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The reliability of all-ceramic crowns and bridges made from Cercon system was greatly improved due to the strengthening effects of the zirconia copings and substructures, and the indication of this system can be extended to long span posterior bridges. In addition, the better esthetics compared to PFM technique makes it a comparatively ideal all-ceramic system for crowns and bridges.</p>

Function of single channel electrocardiograph is expanded in community medical service / 中国医疗器械杂志

The paper introduces a designing idea and a carrying-out scheme about expanding functions of single channel electrocardiograph in Chinese community medical service and looks forward to its applying prospects.

Time-effect of adaptive response of mouse thymocyte apoptosis and cell cycle progression induced by low dose radiation / 吉林大学学报(医学版)

Objective: In the present study we observed the general pattern of the adaptive response of thymocyte apoptosis and cell cycle progression induced by low dose radiation (LDR). Methods: Kunming male mice were irradiated with the inductive dose (D1, 75 mGy) and the challenging dose (D2, 1.5 Gy). The intervals between D1 and D2 were 3, 6, 12, 24 and 60 hours. The changes of thymocyte apoptotic bodies (TAB) and cell cycle progression were measured with flow cytometry with the thymocytes cultured for 4, 20 and 44 hours, respectively, 18 hours after irradiation with D2. Results: When the intervals between D1 and D2 were 3, 6 and 12 hours, the percentages of TAB in the D1 + D2 groups in the thymocytes cultured for 4 and 20 hours were significantly lower than those in the D2 groups (P<0.05) and the percentages of G0/G1 and G2 + M phase cells decreased in varying degrees, while the percentages of S phase cells increased significantly (P<0.05 or P<0.01). Conclusion: The results mentioned above indicate that when the mice were irradiated with 75 mGy (D1, 12.5 mGy/min) 3～12 hours before 1.5 Gy (D2, 0.285 Gy/min) exposure, the adaptive response of apoptosis and cell cycle progression may be induced with the thymocytes cultured for 4 and 20 hours after whole-body irradiation with D2.

Effects of thymopeptides on cell immune function of patients with malignant tumor under radiotherapy / 吉林大学学报(医学版)

Objective:To study effects of large dose thymopeptides on T cell subpopulations of patients with malignant tumor under radiotherapy.Methods:Fifty one patients with malignant tumor under radiotherapy were divided into 2 groups with 100 mg and 200 mg thymopeptides respectively.The patients we re given thymopeptides,100 mg/d or 200 mg/d,iv, for 10 days.The positive percent ages of CD4,CD8,CD25 and CD56 in T cells of peripheral blood before and after thymopeptide treatment were determined by flow cytometry.Results:The positive percentages of CD4 and CD25 in T cells of peripheral bl ood after 100 mg/d thymopeptide treatment were significantly higher than those befor e thymopeptide treatment (P<0.05),while those of CD4，CD8，CD25 and CD56 in T cells of peripheral blood after 200 mg/d thymopeptide treatment all increased significantly (P<0.05 or P<0.01). Conclusion:These results suggest that large dose of thymopeptides can increase i mmune function of patients with malignant tumor under radiotherapy,and the curat ive effect of 200 mg/d thymopeptides is better.

Apoptosis and expression of P53 mRNA and protein in mouse spermatogenic cells induced by low dose ionizing radiation / 中国病理生理杂志

AIM: The effect of low dose radiation (LDR) with different doses of X-rays on apoptosis and its related gene P53 expression were studied in spermatogenic cells of male Kunming mouse testis. METHODS: The different kinds of spermatogenic cells were separated using density gradient centrifugation and their apoptosis was measured by flow cytometry. At meantime, P53 protein and P53 mRNA was measured with immunohistochemical SABC and in situ hybridization, respectively. RESULTS: The apoptosis in all kinds of spermatogenic cells induced by LDR had a remarkable regularity. When the doses were 0 025 and 0 05 Gy, spermatogone apoptosis was domaint. With the increase in irradiation dose (0 075-0 2 Gy), spermatocytes also showed an apoptotic change, but the apoptotic percentage of spermatogonia was significantly higher than that of spermatocytes. Moreover, the apoptosis of spermatids and spermatozoa scarely occurred after LDR. P53 protein expressed in spermatogonia and spermatocytes in varying degrees, and the former was significantly higher than that of the latter after LDR. With the increase in irradiation dose, P53 protein expression showed a upregulated tendency, but that of spermatids and spermatozoa scarcely occurred. P53 mRNA primarily expressed in spermatids and spermatocytes when the dose was 0 025 Gy. With the increase in irradiation doses (0 05-0 2 Gy), that of spermatogonia also showed an enhancement. P53 mRNA expression in spermatogonia and spermatocytes showed a remarkable dose-effect relationship. CONCLUSION: The apoptosis of spermatogenic cells was selectively induced by LDR of X-rays, which had remarkable the dose-effect and time-effect relationships. The mechanism of the selective apoptosis in spermatogenic cells by LDR is closely related to the upregulation of P53 .